The Universal Calculation Engine
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The Universal Calculation Engine

Cap Rate

NOI divided by value—useful for comparing deals, not for your personal levered return.

Start this lessonWhat cap rate is and is not on a listing sheet

Definition

Cap rate = net operating income (NOI) ÷ property value (or purchase price). NOI is income minus operating expenses—not mortgage payments.

Why people use it

It strips financing to compare how efficiently two buildings turn rent into income before debt. Lower cap often implies safer market; higher cap often implies more risk or work.

Limits

Cap rate ignores financing, tax benefits, future capex, and your time. Pair with cash flow after P&I for your actual life.

Do the division carefully

Mistakes

  • Using gross rent instead of NOI.
  • Confusing cap rate with cash-on-cash return (which includes loan size).

Use the calculator

FAQ

Good cap rate?

Market-dependent. Compare against similar buildings locally, not a national blog headline.