The Universal Calculation Engine
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The Universal Calculation Engine

Proportions

Two ratios set equal; solve for a missing value when the relationship stays the same.

Start this lessonWhen two ratios are set equal

Setup

A proportion states a/b = c/d: the two ratios are equal. If one value is missing and no denominator is zero, cross multiply: ad = bc, then solve.

Example

If 2 notebooks cost $5, what do 5 notebooks cost? Match notebooks to dollars on both sides, e.g. 2/$5 = 5/x (or 2/5 = 5/x only if you keep the same units top and bottom). Wrong pairing gives wrong x.

Check

Mistakes

  • Matching numerator to the wrong kind of quantity.
  • Forgetting units in the answer.

Use the calculator

FAQ

Cross multiply always?

For simple proportions with nonzero denominators, yes. Understanding the setup still matters.